Condenser



M h 27, 1928. I

arc I F. L. BRYANT CONDENSER Fi April 12. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 :{IEIHIIll wrruzss: ATTJORNEY March 27, 1928 WITNESS:

F. L. BRYANT commussa Filed April 12. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORATTORNEY Patented Mar. 27, 1928.

messes roxmnsr "L. BRYANT, or

B'Inenmrrom NEW ORK.

connn'nsnn.

n iieanmi filed inna This invention relates to ithe art of:refrigeration and lhas ifor zit-S iobje'ct 'theiprovision of arefrigerating apparatus'which entirely eliminates the use ofiice andhich 'emp'loys ammonium ihydroxide'fas its :active agent, means ibingiprotide'd ifor "producing the necessary liquefaction and :expansion.

' The essential feature ilies 'in' the provision" of an :apparatus :ofthis charaetermtili-zing' :an alosorpti'on emethod for.rproilucing acon- ,ionc en =stant circulationrofttheiammoniaaelectrically operatedsheating :means lbein-g controlled au- 1shoWingimy-system--and:appara=tus,-

tomatically by av thermostatic closer.- (and: similar thermostatic meansbeingiprovided in "the brine ttank whereby do make vthe entire-:inechanism automatic and continuous in aac A further-object is theiprovision of a (den ivice 03. this "nature -well :adapted for con--struction on asmall scale -ior domestic user Another-object is theprovision Ofnflll ap :paratus of this character including peculiar;zme'ans 'forssepaiiaitingvsteam ifrom the: ammo-. nia. this :unit zbeinginterposed be the heating mcanszand:thecondenserp I 7 Anadditionalob'ect slS the provision 'mechanism :of ithis icharacter whichwill be simple and rinebtpensive-to manufactureseasy 'to install andioperate, positive andcflicient tin service and a :general improvementtinithe "art. I t

- With the: above and other objects and {advantagcs in view theinvention consists ..-in the :details of -.construction to thekhereinafter more fiulLy described and claimed and tlllllS- trated inthe accompanying drawings, in which: a

Figure 1 isarsomexvhat diagrammatic view,

Figure '2 :is .a detail "section'rthrou gh atlie' separator :and *1=,;these circuit vclosers ofa' galong, near the bottom. The portionofthe :pIpe tS.;llnd8ISld8 While'its end is plugged. A suitable check'valve 16 "is interposed in the zip'ipe 12 forthe purpose 'of prevcntingback ipressure:therethrough. Y

' VVi hin the tank '13 is anelectri'chcater17 th current from anysuitable source.

d olf-thisitankis thermostatic circuit ircloser 18 from which 'leadwires 19 and 20, lthe former 01: I which is connected with one "terminalofthe heatingcoil 17. and the lattenofqvhich-is connected with oiiepoleiof ;w-hatever..-source of; current is used. 1

-;In the 'tank 10 'is aythermostatic circuit closer 21 to whichare-tconnected .Wires'22- sand -23, the .former. iof' which is connected"-Wltl1"t'h-8- other, terminal 'of the source of current iandjthe.-latter of whichaisconnected .wvith theother terminal ..of theiheatingcoil 17. Th e anrangement-nndia djustlnent :of :is. such that when thetemperature of the waterlwithin the tank 113 ,dropswbelow laqcert'ain.degree, the circuit ,closerfi18 vwill.operate .to elose .the circuitthrough the: heater 1,7, and is" furthermore suchithatwhenthcutemperaturc ofthebrine inthe tank 10 reaches a certain lovvtcmpera ,ture,

thecircuit tothe electri cheater Both thermostats thusiact in unisonfandeach is a check Onzthfifltht. f i

I also provide' a separating device including a tank 24 Within Wll lChaTG located hollow members25 connected by pipes 26' which .are staggeredas shown so as to provide a vcircuitous passage.

Beyond the separator ,is .theflcondensier which includes a tank 27 \vithin the lower ,portion of, which is a. coil .28.of tubingjho frelatively large diameter of ranyiordinary. ior preferred type suppliidv 12 *within .the tank 131is perforated-on the lthermostatBl, willopembreaking Figurefi is a-crossiseotion-onfthe.linei3 3 l3 llg{la-receiver. d e' ving fr m of Figurefi. v

Referring :more particularly/{to the draw-- ings the numeral 10designatesa brineetank; withinwhich is alocn'ted .an .GXPRIlSiOIlflOll11-; ifrom the 'lowerend of which ileads' a pipe :12. The numeral 13designates heating tank containing water and provided with an -out let:pipe :14 :having iajoint15 therein. The pipe 12 enters the tank 13 andextenolsathere-v diameter tubing c in-29 .jf ormedpof small I .Theffirstone of which acts as acondensen.

.the serics of.holloyv -mcmbers 25 is connected witha' pipe 30 whichleads, from the connection 15... At the bottoms of the hollow memloers25121113 drain tubes 81 connected with the piPe'ZBQ, 'bythe T-Fs andelbows 32 and .33Yrespectively. .A; .check valve 34 isinterposeclbetweenthe pipe 30 and the fpipes 31 f for preventing backpressure and similar check valves are provided in all of the tubes 31.The separator is designed to separate the water from. the ammonia anddoes so very satisfactorily. However, in case there should by any chancebe a small quantity of water getting past the separator, I havedesigned-the condenser so that this moisture may be condensed in thefirst few convolutions and drained back to the boiler.-

leads into thebrine tank 10 and which con-' nects with the expansioncoil 11 therein. At

the juncture of the pipe39 with the expansion coil is an automaticpressure reducing valve 40 of any ordinary or preferred type which willautomatically operate to permit only a certain pressure to passtherethrough. This valye is equipped with a thermostatic device 40 whichwill operate to closethe valve when the brine has reached a certainlowtemperature thereby preventing more liquid passing through.

Two or more of the uppermost convolutions of the coil 29 are equippedwith drain while theammonia'gaspasses on through tubes 41 which lead toadmin pipe 42 which connects with one of the branches of the joint15. Itis preferable that a check valve 43 be interposed in this pipe or'tube42'to prevent back pressure. I

In the operation, assumingthat the parts are constructed and arranged asdescribed,

and thatthe brine tank'is full and that the .tank 13 is filled withammonium hydroxide 4 and the systempurgedfof air, the thermostats areboth in closed position and the electric circuit to the heater '17 iscomplete. When the heater has heated the ammonium hydroxide in the tank13, a mixture of am monia and steam will pass out through the pipe 14and pipe 30 into the hollow mem-' bers 25 of the separating device. Thetank 24 of the separating device is full of water and this water willcool and condense the steam passing through the members 25 the pipe36and into the coil 29. The water condensed, in the members 25 passes downthrough the tubes 31 and check valves '35 and through the check valve 34into the pipe 30 thence back into the tank 13. The ammonia gas passingon through the coil 29 is cooled by the water in the tank 27 and'collects in liquid form in the receiving coil 28. Any moisture passingover into the coil 29 with the ammonia will condense in the first fewconvolutions and drain through the tubes 41 into the pipe42 and back tothe pipe 14 and tank 13. In this way it will be seen that only the pureammonia accumulates within the receiving coil 28. This continues untilthe charge in the boiler 13 is exhausted and its temperature reaches 273Fahrenheit at which point the thermostat 18 opens and breaks the circuitto the electric heater. 7 The boiler now begins to cool and to reabsorbammonia, but owing to the various checking valves interposed throughoutthe system, ammonia can be drawn into this tank 13 only by way of theexpansion coil 11, the liquid being drawn by suction from the receivingcoil 28 through the pipe 39 and valve40, through the-coil 11,,pipe 12check valve 16 and thence into the tank 13. The valve 40 operatestocontrol' the pressure. 'The expansion: of the ammonia" passing throughthe coil'll causes itto absorb the'heat from the'brine, thus producingthe desired refrigerating efiect. 1 When the boiler has becomecooledxand hasreab sorbed. all the ammonia, the thermostats 18''and'21'again close foi' energiz ing the electric heater, thuscompleting the cycle of -operation. V

The extension of the pipe 12 into thetank 13 and'the' perforationsconstitute an im-l portant feature 'as all the gas that returns from theexpansion coils must pass directly throughjthe'v water, thus preventing,any air in the" system from cushioning down on the water and slowing upreabsorption.

i From the foregoing description and a study" of the drawingsf it willbe apparent that'I havethus provideda very simple and novel method ofand apparatu's for producing refrigeration without ice','th ere beingnonecessity for the employme'nt' of anypumps or other positivecirculating" device, the cir- While I have shown and described thepreferred embodimentof my invention it" is of rightto'make such changesin the-form, construction and arrangement of parts ,as will not departfrom the spirit oftheinvention orthe scope of the subj'oined-claims.

olclaimz 1. In an apparatus of thecharacterdescribed,aseparatorcomprising a tank adapted to be filled'with'cooling liquid, a"plural:

ity of hollow'm'embers located within the tank, an inlet pipe leading tothe bottom of the first one'of the plurality of hollow members. pipesconnecting the successive ones 'of said hollow (members; alternately atthe top and bottom thereof, an outlet pipe leading from the top of thelast one of the plurality of hollow members,a return pipe leading tosaid inlet pipe and connected with the bottoms of the'respective hollowmembers,

and check valves tions.

2. In an apparatus of the character deinterposed in said connecculationbeing effected purely by absorption.

course to be understood that I reserve 'the scribed, a separatorcomprising a tank adapted to be filled with cooling liquid, a pluralityof spaced parallel upright hollow members located within the tank inspaced relation to the walls thereof, an inlet pipe leading to thebottom of the first one of the plurality of hollow upright members,pipes connecting successive ones of said hollow upright membersalternately at the upper and lower portions thereof, an outlet pipeleading from the top of the last'one of the plurality of hollow uprightmembers, and a return pipe having check valved communication with all ofthe hollow upright members and connected with said inlet pipe. y

a In testimony whereof I alfix my signature.

' FORREST L. BRYANT.

